þÿ<html xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:dt="uuid:C2F41010-65B3-11d1-A29F-00AA00C14882" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <head> <meta name=Title content="The Nobel Prize in Physics - Laureates"> <meta name=Keywords content=""> <meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=unicode"> <meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> <meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 11"> <link rel=File-List href="ex4a_files/filelist.xml"> <title>The Nobel Prize in Physics - Laureates</title> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:DocumentProperties> <o:Author>Steve Pease</o:Author> <o:Template>Normal</o:Template> <o:LastAuthor>Alexander Carlin</o:LastAuthor> <o:Revision>2</o:Revision> <o:LastPrinted>2005-02-27T20:18:00Z</o:LastPrinted> <o:Created>2005-06-05T22:46:00Z</o:Created> <o:LastSaved>2005-06-05T22:46:00Z</o:LastSaved> <o:Pages>1</o:Pages> <o:Words>2469</o:Words> <o:Characters>14077</o:Characters> <o:Company> Deucalion Securities, Inc.</o:Company> <o:Lines>117</o:Lines> <o:Paragraphs>28</o:Paragraphs> <o:CharactersWithSpaces>17287</o:CharactersWithSpaces> <o:Version>11.256</o:Version> </o:DocumentProperties> <o:CustomDocumentProperties> <o:_AdHocReviewCycleID dt:dt="float">-1075116683</o:_AdHocReviewCycleID> <o:_EmailSubject dt:dt="string">Exhibits</o:_EmailSubject> <o:_AuthorEmail dt:dt="string">spease@vom.com</o:_AuthorEmail> <o:_AuthorEmailDisplayName dt:dt="string">Steve Pease</o:_AuthorEmailDisplayName> </o:CustomDocumentProperties> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:PixelsPerInch>96</o:PixelsPerInch> <o:TargetScreenSize>800x600</o:TargetScreenSize> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <style> <!-- * { line-height: 1em; 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margin:0in; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:Arial;} table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-parent:""; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:8.5in 11.0in; margin:45.0pt 45.0pt .5in .75in; mso-header-margin:.5in; mso-footer-margin:.5in; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> </style> </head> <body bgcolor=white lang=EN-US style='tab-interval:.5in'> <div class=Section1> <p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:14.0pt'><span style='font-size:14.0pt; mso-font-kerning:18.0pt'><b><u>The Nobel Prize in Physics  Laureates</u></b></span><span style='font-size:17.0pt;mso-font-kerning:18.0pt'><b><span style='mso-tab-count: 4'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;mso-font-kerning:18.0pt'><b>Exhibit 4a</b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:Verdana; color:black'><br> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b>2004 <u>David J. Gross</u>, <u>H. David Politzer</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, Frank Wilczek<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b>2003 <u>Alexei A. Abrikosov</u>, <u>Vitaly L. Ginzburg</u></b></span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, Anthony J. Leggett<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/2002/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>2002</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/2002/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Raymond Davis Jr., Masatoshi Koshiba, Riccardo Giacconi</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/2001/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>2001</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/2001/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Eric A. Cornell, Wolfgang Ketterle, Carl E. Wieman</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/2000/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>2000</b></span></a> <b><u>Zhores I. Alferov (3, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, Herbert Kroemer, Jack S. Kilby<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1999/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1999</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1999/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Gerardus 't Hooft, Martinus J.G. Veltman</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1998/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1998</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1998/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Robert B. Laughlin, Horst L. Störmer, Daniel C. Tsui</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1997/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1997</b></span></a> Steven Chu, <b><u>Claude Cohen-Tannoudji (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, William D. Phillips<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1996/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1996</b></span></a> <b><u>David M. Lee </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 3, 4, 5, 6),</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Verdana'> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>Douglas D. Osheroff </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(1, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>,</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> Robert C. Richardson <br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1995/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1995</b></span></a> <b><u>Martin L. Perl (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, <b><u>Frederick Reines (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1994/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1994</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1994/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Bertram N. Brockhouse, Clifford G. Shull</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1993/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1993</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1993/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Russell A. Hulse, Joseph H. Taylor Jr.</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1992/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1992</b></span></a> <b><u>Georges Charpak (1, 2, 3, 4, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1991/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1991</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1991/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Pierre-Gilles de Gennes</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1990/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1990</b></span></a> <b><u>Jerome I. Friedman (2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, Henry W. Kendall, Richard E. Taylor<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1989/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1989</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1989/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Norman F. Ramsey, Hans G. Dehmelt, Wolfgang Paul</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1988/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1988</b></span></a> </span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>Leon M. Lederman (1, 2, 3, 4, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, <b><u>Melvin Schwartz (1, 3, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, <b><u>Jack Steinberger (1, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> </span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1987/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1987</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1987/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>J. Georg Bednorz, K. Alex Müller</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1986/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1986</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1986/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Ernst Ruska, Gerd Binnig, Heinrich Rohrer</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1985/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1985</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1985/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Klaus von Klitzing</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1984/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1984</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1984/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Carlo Rubbia, Simon van der Meer</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1983/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1983</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1983/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Subramanyan Chandrasekhar, William A. Fowler</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1982/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1982</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1982/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Kenneth G. Wilson</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1981/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1981</b></span></a> Nicolaas Bloembergen, <b><u>Arthur L. Schawlow (1, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, Kai M. Siegbahn<br> <a name=1980></a><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1980/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1980</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1980/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>James Cronin, Val Fitch</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1979/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1979</b></span></a> <b><u>Sheldon Glashow </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>,</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> Abdus Salam, <b><u>Steven Weinberg </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1978/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1978</b></span></a> <b><u>Pyotr Kapitsa </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>,</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <b><u>Arno Penzias (</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><b><u>)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, Robert W. Wilson<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1977/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1977</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1977/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Philip W. Anderson, Sir Nevill F. Mott, John H. van Vleck</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1976/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1976</b></span></a> <b><u>Burton Richter (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, Samuel C. C. Ting<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1975/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1975</b></span></a> <b><u>Aage N. Bohr (1, 5, 6) <i>1/4<sup>th</sup> Jew</i></u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, <b><u>Ben R. Mottelson (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, James Rainwater<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1974/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1974</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1974/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Martin Ryle, Antony Hewish</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1973/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1973</b></span></a> Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, <b><u>Brian D. Josephson (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1972/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1972</b></span></a> John Bardeen, <b><u>Leon N. Cooper (3, 6),</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> Robert Schrieffer<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1971/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1971</b></span></a> <b><u>Dennis Gabor </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1970/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1970</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1970/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hannes Alfvén, Louis Néel</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1969/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1969</b></span></a> <b><u>Murray Gell-Mann </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1968/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1968</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1968/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Luis Alvarez</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1967/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1967</b></span></a> <b><u>Hans Bethe </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1966/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1966</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1966/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Alfred Kastler</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1965/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1965</b></span></a> Sin-Itiro Tomonaga, <b><u>Julian Schwinger </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>,</span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <b><u>Richard P. Feynman </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1964/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1964</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1964/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Charles H. Townes, Nicolay G. Basov, Aleksandr M. Prokhorov</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1963/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1963</b></span></a> <b><u>Eugene Wigner (</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>1, 2, 3, 5, 6</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><b><u>)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, <b><u>Maria Goeppert-Mayer (6) <i>was</i></u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'>, J. Hans D. Jensen<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1962/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1962</b></span></a> <b><u>Lev Landau (</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1961/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1961</b></span></a> <b><u>Robert Hofstadter </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 5, 6</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><b><u>)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, Rudolf Mössbauer<br> <a name=1960></a><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1960/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1960</b></span></a> <b><u>Donald A. Glaser </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1959/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1959</b></span></a> <b><u>Emilio Segrè (</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>,</span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> Owen Chamberlain<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1958/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1958</b></span></a> Pavel A. Cherenkov, <b><u>Il´ja M. Frank </u></b></span><span style='font-size: 9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(2, 3, 6),</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <b><u>Igor Y. Tamm </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1957/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1957</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1957/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Chen Ning Yang, Tsung-Dao Lee</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1956/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1956</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1956/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>William B. Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1955/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1955</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1955/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Willis E. Lamb, Polykarp Kusch</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1954/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1954</b></span></a> <b><u>Max Born (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, Walther Bothe<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1953/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1953</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1953/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Frits Zernike</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1952/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1952</b></span></a> <b><u>Felix Bloch (</u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>1, 2, 3, 5, 6</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><b><u>)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, E. M. Purcell<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1951/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1951</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1951/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>John Cockcroft, Ernest T. S. Walton</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1950/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1950</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1950/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Cecil Powell</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1949/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1949</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1949/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hideki Yukawa</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1948/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1948</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1948/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Patrick M. S. Blackett</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1947/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1947</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1947/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Edward V. Appleton</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1946/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1946</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1946/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Percy W. Bridgman</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1945/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1945</b></span></a> <b><u>Wolfgang Pauli (1, 2, 3, 4, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1944/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1944</b></span></a> <b><u>Isidor Isaac Rabi </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family: Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1943/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1943</b></span></a> <b><u>Otto Stern </u></b></span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><b><u>(1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1942/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1942</b></span></a> Prize money was allocated 1/3 to Main Fund &amp; 2/3 to Special Fund of this prize section <br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1941/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1941</b></span></a> Prize money was allocated 1/3 to Main Fund &amp; 2/3 to Special Fund of this prize section<br> <a name=1940></a><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1940/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1940</b></span></a> Prize money was allocated 1/3 to Main Fund &amp; 2/3 to Special Fund of this prize section<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1939/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1939</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1939/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Ernest Lawrence</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1938/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1938</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1938/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Enrico Fermi</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1937/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1937</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1937/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Clinton Davisson, George Paget Thomson</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1936/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1936</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1936/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Victor F. Hess, Carl D. Anderson</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1935/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1935</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1935/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>James Chadwick</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1934/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1934</b></span></a> Prize money was allocated 1/3 to Main Fund &amp; 2/3 to Special Fund of this prize section<br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1933/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1933</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1933/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Erwin Schrödinger, Paul A. M. Dirac</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1932/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1932</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1932/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Werner Heisenberg</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1931/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1931</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1931/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1930/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1930</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1930/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Venkata Raman</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1929/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1929</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1929/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Louis de Broglie</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1928/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1928</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1928/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Owen Willans Richardson</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1927/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1927</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1927/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Arthur H. Compton, C. T. R. Wilson</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1926/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1926</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1926/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Jean Baptiste Perrin</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1925/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1925</b></span></a> <b><u>James Franck (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'>, <b><u>Gustav Hertz (1, 2, 3, 5, 6) <i>was</i></u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1924/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1924</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1924/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Manne Siegbahn</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1923/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1923</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1923/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Robert A. Millikan</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1922/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1922</b></span></a> <b><u>Niels Bohr (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1921/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1921</b></span></a> <b><u>Albert Einstein (1, 2, 3, 4)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:Verdana'><br> <a name=1920></a><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1920/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1920</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1920/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Charles Edouard Guillaume</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1919/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1919</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1919/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Johannes Stark</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1918/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1918</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1918/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Max Planck</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1917/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1917</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1917/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Charles Glover Barkla</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1916/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1916</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1916/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>The prize money was allocated to the Special Fund of this prize section</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1915/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1915</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1915/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>William Bragg, Lawrence Bragg</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1914/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1914</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1914/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Max von Laue</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1913/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1913</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1913/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Heike Kamerlingh Onnes</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1912/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1912</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1912/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Gustaf Dalén</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1911/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1911</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1911/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Wilhelm Wien</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1910/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1910</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1910/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Johannes Diderik van der Waals</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1909/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1909</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1909/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Guglielmo Marconi, Ferdinand Braun</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1908/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1908</b></span></a> <b><u>Gabriel Lippmann (1, 2, 3, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size: 10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1907/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1907</b></span></a> <b><u>Albert A. Michelson (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)</u></b></span><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1906/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1906</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1906/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>J. J. Thomson</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1905/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1905</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1905/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Philipp Lenard</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1904/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1904</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1904/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Lord Rayleigh</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1903/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1903</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1903/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Henri Becquerel, Pierre Curie, Marie Curie</span></a><br> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1902/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1902</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1902/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Hendrik A. Lorentz, Pieter Zeeman</span></a><br> <a name=1901></a><a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1901/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><b>1901</b></span></a> <a href="http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1901/index.html"><span style='color:windowtext;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'>Wilhelm Röntgen</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:13.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;color:black'>Notes:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>For Jewish Laureates, the parenthetical numbers after the underlined/bolded name indicate the source:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>(1) is the website jewho.com  section on Nobels for 2002 and pages devoted to Physics. (2) is the book The Nobel Prize  by Burton Feldman. (3) is the us-israel.org  web site. (4) is the web site yahoodi.com . (5) is the book Nobel Laureates 1901-2000  by Alan Symons. (6) is the web site jinfo.org .</span><span style='font-size:9.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:9.0pt'>For purposes of this category, the tally used in the text and tables includes only Jews identified by more than one source.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>Thus of the above list, 44 are Jews by that standard, but Maria Goeppert Mayer (1963) is not counted even though jinfo.org notes that Edward Teller identified her as such on page 119 of his Memoirs.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </div> </body> </html>